AMERICAN FEDERALISM:

87,000 GOVERNMENTS

I.  Introduction:  Thinking About Federalism

II.  Definitions:  Three Systems

A.  Unitary System
B.  Confederal System
C.  Federal System

III.  Why American Federalism?

A.  Compromise
B.  Supporting Arguments
        1.  Direct Access
        2.  Efficiency
        3.  States as Laboratories

IV.  Federalism and the Constitution

A.  Division of Powers
B.  Powers of the Federal Government
        1.  enumerated 2.  implied
C.  Powers of the States
D.  Concurrent Powers
E.  Supremacy Clause
        1.  Turf Wars
        2.  Medical Marijuana
F.  Interstate Relations
        1.  Horizontal Federalism

V.  The Growth of Federal Power

A.  Marshall’s Supreme Court
        1.  McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
        2.  Gibbons vs. Ogden (1824)
B.  Dual Federalism
C.  Cooperative Federalism
D. Grants-in-Aid

VI.  Supreme Court: Returning Power to the States

A.  Redefining the Commerce Clause
B.  State Sovereignty

VII.  Conclusion:  The Future of Federalism